Definition
Ototoxicity caused by platinum-based therapy is defined as a temporary or permanent disorder of auditory and/or vestibular function. It may manifest as hearing loss, tinnitus (e.g. ringing in the ears or head) and/or vertigo.
Pathophysiology
Cisplatin and carboplatin related ototoxicity is caused by damage to the inner ear.
Onset/duration
Ototoxicity can occur within days to weeks of commencing treatment and may have long-term effects.
Risk factors
- pre-existing hearing impairment
- cumulative dose of cisplatin
- concurrent radiation therapy
- concurrent use of ototoxic drugs (e.g. aminoglycosides, diuretics)
- kidney dysfunction
- age (i.e. children and the elderly are at increased risk of developing ototoxicity).